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Queen consort of Hawaiʻi

Queen consort of the Hawaiian Islands

Kapiʻolani
Queen Kapiolani, photograph by A. A. Montano (PPWD-15-7.024).jpg
Queen consort of the Hawaiian Islands
Tenure February 12, 1874 –
January 20, 1891
Coronation February 12, 1883, ʻIolani Palace
Born (1834-12-31)Dec 31, 1834
Hilo, Hawaiʻi
Died June 24, 1899(1899-06-24) (aged 64)
Waikīkī, Hawaiʻi
Burial (1899-07-02)July 2, 1899[i] [2]

Mauna ʻAla Royal Mausoleum
Spouse Bennett Nāmākēhā
Kalākaua
Names
Kapiʻolani Napelakapuokakaʻe
House House of Kalākaua
Father Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole
Female parent Kinoiki Kekaulike
Religion Church building of Hawaii
Signature Kapiʻolani's signature

Kapiʻolani (December 31, 1834 – June 24, 1899) was the queen of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi as the consort of Mōʻī (king) Kalākaua, who reigned[3] from 1874 to 1891[4] until Mōʻī's death when she became known as the Dowager Queen Kapiʻolani. Deeply interested in the health and welfare of Native Hawaiians, Kapiʻolani established the Kapiʻolani Home for Girls, for the education of the daughters of residents of the Kalaupapa Leprosy Settlement, and the Kapiʻolani Maternity Home, where Hawaiian mothers and newborns could receive care.

Early life and family [edit]

Kapiʻolani was born December 31, 1834, in Hilo on Hawaiʻi Island to Loftier Chief Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole of Hilo and High Chiefess Kinoiki Kekaulike of Kauaʻi, the daughter of King Kaumualiʻi, the last king of an independent Kauaʻi before its cession to Kamehameha the Corking.[5] Her two younger sisters were Kapoʻoloku Poʻomaikelani (1839–1895), who married Hiram Kahanawai, and Kinoiki Kekaulike (1843–1884), who married David Kahalepouli Piʻikoi.[6]

Her total name was Kapiʻolani Napelakapuokakaʻe.[7] [a] Her namesake was her corking-aunt High Chiefess Kapiʻolani, who plucked the ʻōhelo berries and openly defied the goddess Pele as a dramatic demonstration of her new religion in Christianity.[8] [9] Kapiʻolani is composed of 3 words (ka piʻo lani) and literally means "the arch [of] sky (rainbows signified the presence of royalty)".[10] Her secondary name, Napelakapuokakaʻe, translates to "the sacred flesh of Kakae".[11]

She was raised in Hilo until the age of eight when she was sent to exist raised in the district of Kona, on the western side of the island of Hawaiʻi. She went to Honolulu on Oʻahu when she was sixteen and came under the guardianship of King Kamehameha III.[12]

Kapiʻolani was brought up to read and write in the Hawaiian language. Although she learned to understand a few English words and phrases, like many Native Hawaiians she never learned to speak it fluently and required a Hawaiian translator when communicating with English speakers.[13] [14] Kapiʻolani became a member of the Anglican Church of Hawaiʻi after it was established in 1862.[fifteen] [xvi] [17]

Marriage to Nāmākēhā [edit]

On March 7, 1852, Kapiʻolani married High Chief Bennett Nāmākēhā, a member of the House of Nobles in Honolulu.[xviii] She was almost xviii years old, while her husband was thirty years her senior. He was an uncle of Queen Emma, the wife of Kamehameha IV, on her father George Naʻea's side. This fabricated her aunt past marriage to Queen Emma, whom she served as her highest ranking lady-in-waiting.[xix] [twenty] Nāmākēhā and Kapiʻolani had no children, although a pregnancy resulted in a miscarriage.[21] For his health the couple voyaged on The Morning Star, a missionary vessel, for months among the Gilbert Islands (nowadays mean solar day Kiribati) just in vain. Nāmākēhā died on December 27, 1860, at Honolulu.[8] [19]

Nāmākēhā and Kapiʻolani were appointed the caretakers of Prince Albert Kamehameha, the only child of Emma and Kamehameha IV. Kapiʻolani was the majestic child'southward main nurse. The prince died at the age of four, on August 27, 1862, maybe from appendicitis.[22] [23] Historian Helena G. Allen later claimed that Queen Emma blamed Kapiʻolani for the child's death. The prince was nether Kapiʻolani'south care when he was doused with common cold h2o by the male monarch to calm him during a tantrum. This was traditionally thought to accept induced the brain fever which killed the prince.[24] [25] Historian George Kanahele concludes there is niggling to no evidence of this animosity. Queen Emma wrote Kapiʻolani a very kind respond in her March 1863 letter, "Beloved Kapiʻolani, my companion in the caring of my son. You were my son's favorite, your breast must be filled with injure. You were our third companion... ."[26]

Visiting British dignitaries Jane, Lady Franklin and her niece Sophia Cracroft met "Madame Nāmākēhā" in June 1861. Cracroft wrote:

At last she [Queen Emma] yielded, just sent for his [Prince Albert'southward] nurse, whom we had not earlier seen—only heard of. She is the widow of a petty Master and fulfills her duties exceedingly well. She is rather young and very nice-looking—dressed like us, and in mourning. She went with the states, but the dear little child wanted no keeping in order—he was perfectly good.[27]

Queen of Hawaiʻi [edit]

Kapiʻolani was remarried on December xix, 1863, to David Kalākaua in a quiet ceremony conducted by an Anglican minister. Their wedding was heavily criticized since it fell during the time of mourning for King Kamehameha IV.[15] [viii] Her second husband was an aspiring high chief and pol who served in the House of Nobles, the Privy Quango of State and held many other court and government posts during the reigns of Kamehameha Four, Kamehameha V and Lunalilo.[28] [29] Although unsuccessful in his attempt for the throne in 1873, Kalākaua defeated Queen Dowager Emma to succeed Lunalilo equally the monarch of Hawaiʻi on February 12, 1874.[30] Kapiʻolani became queen espoused of Hawaii upon the accession of her married man to the Hawaiian throne.[31] One of the couple'due south showtime acts was to conduct a royal progress of the Hawaiian Islands. From March to May 1874, they toured the principal Hawaiian Islands of Kauaʻi, Maui, Hawaiʻi Island, Molokaʻi and Oʻahu. The royal pair were enthusiastically received by the people.[32] [33]

Their matrimony remained childless.[34] A clinical analysis into the cause of Kalākaua's death led to speculation that the king may have been infertile since Kapiʻolani had a miscarried pregnancy with her previous marriage.[21] Thus, she and her sister Poʻomaikelani adopted, in the tradition of hānai, their sister Kekaulike'southward three sons. Kapiʻolani took David Kawānanakoa and Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole and Poʻomaikelani adopted Edward Abnel Keliʻiahonui.[35] In 1883, Kalākaua made Kapiʻolani'southward nephews princes of Hawaiʻi with the manner of Highness in honor of his coronation.[36] [37]

Coronation [edit]

Photograph of Queen Kapiʻolani seated on a chair with her crown on a table to the right

Queen Kapiʻolani and her crown, c.  1883

Kalākaua and Kapiʻolani were crowned in a coronation ceremony on February 12, 1883.[38] [39] [twoscore] They were denied this in 1874 because of the ceremonious unrest post-obit the election. Nether Minister of Finance Walter M. Gibson, the 1880 legislature appropriated $10,000 for a coronation.[41] The coronation anniversary and related celebratory events were spread out over a two-week menstruum.[42] A special octagon-shaped pavilion and grandstand were built for the February 12, 1883, anniversary. Preparations were made for an predictable crowd exceeding v,000, with backyard chairs to adapt whatsoever overflow.[43] Two crowns of gilded and precious stones were commissioned in the United Kingdom, while the wardrobes of Kapiʻolani, the other royal ladies and their attendants were too ordered from abroad.[38]

Kalākaua and Kapiʻolani, accompanied by their royal retinue, came out of the palace onto the event grounds. The coronation was preceded past a choir singing and the formal recitation of the King'due south official titles. The news coverage noted, "The Male monarch looked ill at ease". Chief Justice of Hawaii's Supreme Court Albert Francis Judd officiated and delivered the oath of role to the king. The crown was then handed to Kalākaua, and he placed it upon his head.[43] Kalākaua then placed the smaller crown on Kapiʻolani and stated, "I place this crown upon your caput to share the honours of my throne."[44] Co-ordinate to a later counterfeit tale, the king had trouble fitting the crown on the queen's elaborate hair. Her ladies-in-waiting tried in vain to rearrange her hairpins and combs, but the crown still could not fit into identify. Thus, the male monarch impatiently jammed the crown onto her head causing her to wince in pain.[45] [46]

The ceremony ended with the choir singing, and a prayer. A planned post-coronation reception by Kalākaua and Kapiʻolani was cancelled without advance find.[43] Today, Kalākaua's coronation pavilion serves equally the bandstand for the Royal Hawaiian Band.[47] That evening, the royal couple hosted a land dinner, and there was a luau at a later day. The hula was performed nightly on the palace grounds. Regattas, horse races and a number of events filled the commemoration menstruum.[42] Due to weather conditions, the planned illumination of the palace and grounds on the day of the coronation happened a calendar week later, and the public was invited to nourish. Fireworks displays lit up the sky at the palace and at Punchbowl Crater. A 1000 brawl was held the evening of February 20.[48]

Medical philanthropy [edit]

Kapiʻolani shared in her husband Kalākaua's vision of Hoʻoulu Lāhui (increasing the nation) and developed an interest in the health issues plaguing the Hawaiian population at the time. She established the Kapiʻolani Maternity Home, where Hawaiian mothers, as well equally their newborn babies, could receive intendance.[31] [49] [50]

Photograph of a number of Sisters of St. Francis standing with some girls and Walter Murray Gibson in front of the Kapiolani Home for Girls

Kapiʻolani ofttimes visited Kakaʻako Branch Infirmary on Oʻahu, which served every bit a receiving station for leprosy patients from all over the islands, and befriended Mother Marianne Cope and the other Sisters of Saint Francis. Sister Leopoldina Burns later on described how the queen would sit with the sisters drinking coffee and attempting to learn each other's languages.[51]

On July 21, 1884, Kapiʻolani visited the Kalaupapa Leper Settlement on Molokaʻi. Accompanying her was her sister-in-law Princess Liliʻuokalani, the latter'southward hubby John Owen Dominis, and Dr. Eduard Arning.[52] The queen met Begetter Damien, the Belgian priest who had been caring for the patients for the last decade, and was given a tour of the peninsula including the every homes of the afflicted past luna (resident superintendent) and patient Ambrose K. Hutchison. I of the concerns Hutchison brought to the queen's attending included the welfare of non-leprous children living on the island built-in to couples with leprosy. Kapiʻolani promised to build a home for these children. Later the royal visit, the patients' living weather condition improved significantly.[53]

On November 9, 1885, the Kapiʻolani Home for Girls at Kakaʻako was founded for the education of daughters of parents with leprosy with funds raised past the queen's charitable organization. Kalākaua and Kapiʻolani officiated at the dedication ceremony forth with Walter Murray Gibson, who was likewise the president of the Board of Wellness. During the anniversary, the queen unlocked the doors of the home and presented the key to Mother Marianne Cope.[54] On the same occasion, Cope was decorated with the Purple Order of Kapiʻolani[b] by the male monarch for her service to Hawaiians afflicted with leprosy.[55]

Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria [edit]

Photograph of Queen Kapiʻolani standing looking to her left. She is wearing a hat and a necklace of several strands of Ni'ihau shells.

In April 1887, Kalākaua sent a delegation to attend the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria in London. It included Kapiʻolani, Princess Liliʻuokalani and Liliʻuokalani's husband John Owen Dominis, besides as Court Chamberlain Colonel Curtis P. Iʻaukea acting equally the male monarch's official envoy of the King and Colonel James Harbottle Boyd interim as aide-de-camp to the Queen.[56]

The party landed in San Francisco and traveled beyond the United States visiting Washington, D.C., Boston and New York City, where they boarded a ship for the United Kingdom. While in the American majuscule, they were received by President Grover Cleveland and his wife Frances.[57]

In London, Kapiʻolani and Liliʻuokalani were granted an audience with Queen Victoria at Buckingham Palace. She greeted both Hawaiian royals with affection and recalled Kalākaua's visit in 1881. They attended the special Jubilee service at Westminster Abbey and were seated with other foreign royal guests, and with members of the Royal Household.[58] Kapiʻolani wore a peacock feathered dress design past her Special Equerry James Washington Lonoikauoalii McGuire.[59]

Shortly afterward the Jubilee celebrations, they learned of political unrest in Hawaii. Under the threat of expiry, Kalākaua was forced to sign the Bayonet Constitution which express the power of the monarch and increased the influence of Euro-American interests in the government. The royal political party canceled their tour of Europe and returned to Hawaii.[60]

Widowhood, death and funeral [edit]

In declining health, Kalākaua traveled to California aboard the USS Charleston on Nov 25, 1890.[61] While traveling, the king suffered a stroke in Santa Barbara and was rushed back to San Francisco. He died two days afterwards Jan twenty.[62] [63] The news of Kalākaua's death did not achieve Hawaiʻi until January 29 when the Charleston returned to Honolulu with the male monarch's remains.[62] [64]

Later the decease of her husband and the accession of her sister-in-law Liliʻuokalani to the throne, Queen Dowager Kapiʻolani retired from public life and seldom attended formal social events. Liliʻuokalani ruled for ii years before she was overthrown, on January17, 1893. After a cursory transition under the Provisional Government, the oligarchical Republic of Hawaiʻi was established on Julyfour, 1894, with Sanford B. Dole equally president. During this period, the defacto regime, which was composed largely of residents of American and European ancestry, sought to annex the islands to the United States against the wishes of the Native Hawaiians who wanted to remain an independent nation ruled by the monarchy.[65] [66] Kapiʻolani lived out the rest of her life at her private residence Pualeilani in Waikīkī where the Hyatt Regency Waikiki at present stands. Prior to her concluding illness, she signed over her vast landholdings worth over $250,000 to her nephews Prince Kawānanakoa and Prince Kūhiō. Her health began to fail two years before her expiry, and she suffered three strokes over this period. During her last days, she was in a comatose land and died on June 24, 1899, at age sixty-four.[31]

Hawaii was annexed to the United States under the Newlands Resolution, a joint resolution of Congress, on August 12, 1898, but the territorial authorities was not formally established until Apr 30, 1900. Thus, the Republic of Hawaii's Minister of Foreign Affairs Ernest Augustus Mott-Smith announced the royal funeral to the foreign consular agents in Honolulu. Her body lay in state at Kawaiahaʻo Church for public viewing and her funerary services were performed by the Anglican Bishop Alfred Willis at 2:00 pm on July 2. Afterwards the service, a land funeral procession brought her remains for burying at the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii at Mauna ʻAla. Included among the members of Hawaiian society at her funeral procession were the one-time royal family: her nephews Prince Kawānanakoa and Prince Kūhiō, her brother-in-police Archibald Scott Cleghorn and her sister-in-law Liliʻuokalani. Officials of the Republic of Hawaii including Sanford B. Dole (withal referred to as president) and members of the United states of america Ground forces and Navy besides attended the procession.[31] [2] She was interred in the mausoleum joining her married man and the rest of the Firm of Kalākaua.[2] [67] In a anniversary officiated by Liliʻuokalani on June 24, 1910, her remains, and those of her husband'southward family, were transferred for a last time to the underground Kalākaua Catacomb after the primary mausoleum edifice had been converted into a chapel.[68]

Legacy [edit]

Her medical legacy Kapiʻolani Maternity Home survives today equally the Kapiʻolani Medical Center for Women and Children. Kapiʻolani Park in Waikīkī was named afterwards the Queen by her husband Kalākaua. She is besides the namesake of Kapiʻolani Boulevard, Kapiʻolani Community College and numerous businesses in Honolulu.[31] One of her noted contributions to Hawaiian music was a love song she composed for her hubby, "Ka Ipo Lei Manu". Kalākaua died in San Francisco earlier he could hear the vocal from his queen.[69]

A portrait of Queen Kapiʻolani painted in August 1884 by Charles Furneaux, hangs at ʻIolani Palace.[70]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Some later on sources call her Julia Kapiʻolani (Bailey 1975, p. 267; Kamae 1980, p. 39; Allen 1995, p. 33; Kanahele 1999, p. 130)
  2. ^ The Royal Gild of Kapiʻolani was named in accolade of the Loftier Chiefess Kapiʻolani not Queen Kapiʻolani (Hanley & Bushnell 1991, p. 225–226).

References [edit]

  1. ^ Rose, Conant & Kjellgren 1993, pp. 278–279.
  2. ^ a b c Kam 2017, pp. 143–146.
  3. ^ Lindley & Stebner 2008, p. 119.
  4. ^ Lewis 1969, p. 68.
  5. ^ Allen 1984, p. 204; Allen 1995, pp. 33–34; Kam 2017, p. 143; Kaeo & Queen Emma 1976, p. 28; McKinzie 1983, pp. 23, xxx–32
  6. ^ Taylor April seven, 1958; Taylor April 10, 1958; Taylor Apr 11, 1958
  7. ^ Reed 1974, p. 1.
  8. ^ a b c Allen 1984, p. 204.
  9. ^ Liliuokalani 1898, pp. 1–2.
  10. ^ Pukui, Elbert & Mookini 1974, p. 88.
  11. ^ Taylor April 7, 1958
  12. ^ Evening Message June 24, 1899; The Pacific Commercial Advertiser June 26, 1899; The San Francisco Call July 5, 1899
  13. ^ Hanley & Bushnell 1991, pp. 102–103.
  14. ^ Allen 1995, p. 173; Zambucka 2002, pp. 49–50; Bott 1997, p. 145; Iaukea 2012, p. 31
  15. ^ a b Allen 1995, pp. 33–34.
  16. ^ Zambucka 2002, pp. 17–18.
  17. ^ Hanley & Bushnell 1991, p. 108–109.
  18. ^ Hawaii State Archives 2006.
  19. ^ a b Kanahele 1999, pp. 130–131.
  20. ^ Taylor 1922, p. 256.
  21. ^ a b Mcdermott, Choy & Guerrero 2015, p. 62.
  22. ^ Kanahele 1999, pp. 125–144.
  23. ^ Liliuokalani 1898, pp. 50–51.
  24. ^ Allen 1995, p. 32.
  25. ^ Kanahele 1999, p. 169.
  26. ^ Kanahele 1999, p. 169, 315–318.
  27. ^ Cracroft, Franklin & Queen Emma 1958, pp. 169, 308.
  28. ^ Zambucka 2002, pp. 8–ten.
  29. ^ Kam 2017, p. 127.
  30. ^ Kuykendall 1967, pp. 3–16.
  31. ^ a b c d eastward Allen 1984, pp. 204–206.
  32. ^ Kuykendall 1967, p. 13.
  33. ^ Tsai 2014, pp. 115–143.
  34. ^ Kuykendall 1967, p. 12.
  35. ^ Webb & Webb 1998, p. 25.
  36. ^ Kamae 1980, pp. 53–54.
  37. ^ Honolulu Almanac and Directory 1884, p. xviii.
  38. ^ a b Liliuokalani 1898, pp. 100–105.
  39. ^ Bailey 1975, pp. 291–293.
  40. ^ Taylor 1927, pp. 48–51.
  41. ^ The Hawaiian Gazette Baronial 4, 1880
  42. ^ a b Kuykendall 1967, pp. 259, 261–265
  43. ^ a b c The Hawaiian Gazette Feb 14, 1883
  44. ^ Zambucka 2002, p. 52.
  45. ^ Webb & Webb 1998, pp. 9–14.
  46. ^ Zambucka 1998, pp. 12–13.
  47. ^ "ʻIolani Palace NRHP Asset Details". National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 13, 2017. Retrieved January x, 2017.
  48. ^ The Hawaiian Gazette Feb 21, 1883
  49. ^ Zambucka 2002, p. 42.
  50. ^ Tsutsumi & Choy 2017.
  51. ^ Police force 2012, pp. 127–137.
  52. ^ Police force 2012, pp. 141–152; Inglis 2013, pp. 88–89; Liliuokalani 1886, pp. iii–xvii
  53. ^ Inglis 2013, pp. 130–136.
  54. ^ Law 2012, pp. 149–151; Inglis 2013, pp. 26, 98, 133; Richardson 2008, p. 4; Gibson, Adler & Barrett 1973, p. 184
  55. ^ Hanley & Bushnell 1991, pp. 225–226.
  56. ^ Iaukea 2012, p. 30; Kuykendall 1967, pp. 341
  57. ^ Kuykendall 1967, pp. 340–343; Liliuokalani 1898, p. 116–176
  58. ^ Iaukea 2012, pp. 30–31.
  59. ^ Schweizer 2004, p. 149.
  60. ^ Liliuokalani 1898, p. 171–176; Kuykendall 1967, pp. 340–343
  61. ^ Kuykendall 1967, pp. 466–469.
  62. ^ a b Kuykendall 1967, pp. 470–474.
  63. ^ Mcdermott, Choy & Guerrero 2015, p. 59.
  64. ^ Kam 2017, pp. 127–136.
  65. ^ Kuykendall 1967, pp. 586–605, 649; Loomis 1963, pp. 25–26
  66. ^ Silva 2004, pp. 129–163.
  67. ^ Parker 2008, pp. 30–31.
  68. ^ Thrum 1909, p. 107; Parker 2008, pp. 39, 53–55; Reese 1919, pp. 80–81; Kam 2017, pp. 192–196
  69. ^ Kalima, Lehua. "Ka Ipo Lei Manu". Huapala – Hawaiian Music and Hula Archives . Retrieved Dec 31, 2018.
  70. ^ Taylor 1927, p. 42.

Bibliography [edit]

Books and journals [edit]

  • Allen, Gwenfread Eastward. (1984). "Queen Kapiolani". In Peterson, Barbara Bennett (ed.). Notable Women of Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 204–206. ISBN978-0-8248-0820-4. OCLC 11030010.
  • Allen, Helena Yard. (1995). Kalakaua: Renaissance Male monarch. Honolulu: Mutual Publishing. ISBN978-1-56647-059-9. OCLC 35083815.
  • Bailey, Paul (1975). Those Kings and Queens of Old Hawaii: A Mele to Their Retentivity . Los Angeles: Westernlore Books. ISBN978-0-87026-035-3. OCLC 1733260.
  • Bott, Robin L. (1997). Homans, Margaret; Munich, Adrienne (eds.). "'I Know What is Due to Me': Self-Fashioning and Legitimization in Queen Liliuokalani's Hawaii'southward Story past Hawaii's Queen". Remaking Queen Victoria. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 140–156. ISBN978-0-521-57485-iii. OCLC 185338494.
  • Cracroft, Sophia; Franklin, Jane; Queen Emma (1958). Korn, Alfons L. (ed.). The Victorian Visitors: An Account of the Hawaiian Kingdom, 1861–1866, Including the Journal Letters of Sophia Cracroft: Extracts from the Journals of Lady Franklin, and Diaries and Letters of Queen Emma of Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. hdl:10125/39981. ISBN978-0-87022-421-8. OCLC 8989368.
  • Court, Official, Professional, And Business Directory. Honolulu Almanac and Directory. Honolulu: P. C. Advertiser Steam Printing Office. 1884. pp. 18–38. OCLC 12787107.
  • Gibson, Walter Murray; Adler, Jacob; Barrett, Gwynn W. (1973). The Diaries of Walter Murray Gibson: 1886, 1887. Honolulu: University Press of Hawaii. ISBN978-0-8248-0211-0. OCLC 243903716.
  • Hanley, Mary Laurence; Bushnell, Oswald A. (1991). Pilgrimage and Exile: Mother Marianne of Molokai. Honolulu: Academy of Hawaii Press. ISBN978-0-8248-1387-1. OCLC 27978465.
  • Iaukea, Sydney Lehua (2012). The Queen and I: A Story of Dispossessions and Reconnections in Hawaiʻi. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN978-0-520-95030-vi. OCLC 763161035.
  • Inglis, Kerri A. (2013). Ma'i Lepera: A History of Leprosy in Nineteenth-Century Hawai'i . Honolulu, Howdy: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN978-0-8248-6579-5 – via Projection MUSE.
  • Kaeo, Peter; Queen Emma (1976). Korn, Alfons L. (ed.). News from Molokai, Letters Between Peter Kaeo & Queen Emma, 1873–1876. Honolulu: The University Press of Hawaii. hdl:10125/39980. ISBN978-0-8248-0399-v. OCLC 2225064.
  • Kam, Ralph Thomas (2017). Expiry Rites and Hawaiian Royalty: Funerary Practices in the Kamehameha and Kalakaua Dynasties, 1819–1953. S. I.: McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. ISBN978-1-4766-6846-8. OCLC 966566652.
  • Kamae, Lori (1980). The Empty Throne. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Co. ISBN978-0-914916-44-4. OCLC 7080687.
  • Kanahele, George S. (1999). Emma: Hawaii's Remarkable Queen. Honolulu: Academy of Hawaii Press. ISBN978-0-8248-2240-8. OCLC 40890919.
  • Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson (1967). The Hawaiian Kingdom 1874–1893, The Kalakaua Dynasty. Vol. 3. Honolulu: Academy of Hawaii Press. ISBN978-0-87022-433-one. OCLC 500374815.
  • Law, Anwei Skinsnes (2012). Kalaupapa: A Commonage Retentivity (Ka Hokuwelowelo) . Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN978-0-8248-6580-ane. OCLC 830023588 – via Project MUSE.
  • Lewis, Frances R. Hegglund (1969). History of Nursing in Hawaii. Germann-Kilmer Company. ISBN9780343082659.
  • Liliuokalani (1898). Hawaii'southward Story past Hawaii's Queen, Liliuokalani. Boston: Lee and Shepard. ISBN978-0-548-22265-2. OCLC 2387226.
  • Liliuokalani (1886). Study of Her Majesty Queen Kapiolani'southward visit to Molokai, by H.R.H. Princess Liliuokalani, July 1884. Report of the Lath of Health. Honolulu: Printed by the Hawaiian Gazette Company. pp. three–xvii. OCLC 39817109.
  • Lindley, Susan Hill; Stebner, Eleanor J. (2008). The Westminster Handbook to Women in American Religious History. Westminster John Knox Printing. ISBN978-0-664-22454-7.
  • Loomis, Albertine (1963). "The Longest Legislature" (PDF). Seventy-First Annual Report of the Hawaiian Historical Lodge for the Year 1962. Honolulu: Hawaiian Historical Society. 71: 7–27. hdl:10524/35.
  • Mcdermott, John F.; Choy, Zita Cup; Guerrero, Anthony P. S. (2015). "The Concluding Disease and Decease of Hawaiʻi's King Kalākaua: A New Historical/Clinical Perspective Comprehend". The Hawaiian Journal of History. Honolulu: Hawaiian Historical Society. 49: 59–72. doi:ten.1353/hjh.2015.0002. hdl:10524/56606. OCLC 60626541 – via Project MUSE.
  • McKinzie, Edith Kawelohea (1983). Stagner, Ishmael Due west. (ed.). Hawaiian Genealogies: Extracted from Hawaiian Linguistic communication Newspapers. Vol. 1. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN0-939154-28-five. OCLC 12555087.
  • Parker, David "Kawika" (2008). "Crypts of the Ali`i The Last Refuge of the Hawaiian Royalty". Tales of Our Hawaiʻi (PDF). Honolulu: Alu Like, Inc. OCLC 309392477. Archived from the original (PDF) on November eleven, 2013.
  • Pukui, Mary Kawena; Elbert, Samuel H.; Mookini, Esther T. (1974). Place Names of Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN978-0-8248-0524-1. OCLC 1042464.
  • Reed, Frances (1974) [1962]. Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole, 1871–1922. Hilo: Hawaii Canton Library. OCLC 318062868.
  • Reese, Albert Moore (1919). Wanderings in the Orient. Chicago, London: Open up Court Publishing Visitor. OCLC 556316189.
  • Richardson, Janine 1000. (2008). "'None of Them Came for Me:' The Kapiʻolani Home for Girls, 1885–1938". The Hawaiian Periodical of History. 42: 1–26. hdl:10524/113. OCLC 60626541.
  • Rose, Roger G.; Conant, Sheila; Kjellgren, Eric P. (September 1993). "Hawaiian Standing Kāhili in the Bishop Museum: An Ethnological and Biological Analysis". Journal of the Polynesian Society. Wellington, NZ: Polynesian Society. 102 (iii): 273–304. JSTOR 20706518.
  • Schweizer, Niklaus Rudolf (2004). His Hawaiian Excellency: The Overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy and the Annexation of Hawai'i (3rd ed.). New York: Peter Lang. ISBN978-0-8204-6871-6. OCLC 55682174.
  • Silva, Noenoe K. (2004). Aloha Betrayed: Native Hawaiian Resistance to American Colonialism. Durham: Duke Academy Press. ISBN0-8223-8622-four. OCLC 191222123.
  • Taylor, Albert Pierce (1927). The Rulers of Hawaii, The Chiefs and Chiefesses, Their Palaces, Monuments, Portraits and Tombs. Honolulu: Advertiser Publishing Company. OCLC 9380797.
  • Taylor, Albert Pierce (1922). Under Hawaiian Skies: A Narrative of the Romance, Hazard and History of the Hawaiian Islands. Honolulu: Advertiser Publishing Visitor, Ltd. OCLC 479709.
  • Tsai, Tiffany Lani Ing (2014). ""He Ka Waiho Hoʻohemahema": Kana Maoli Responses to King Kalakaua's Tour of the Kingdom from 1874 Newspapers in Hawaiʻi". Hawaiian Journal of History. Honolulu: Hawaiian Historical Club. 48: 115–143. hdl:10524/47258. OCLC 60626541.
  • Webb, Nancy; Webb, Jean Francis (1998) [1962]. Kaiulani: Crown Princess of Hawaii . Honolulu: Mutual Publishing. ISBN978-1-56647-206-7. OCLC 265217757.
  • Zambucka, Kristin (2002). Kalakaua: Hawaiʻi's Concluding King. Honolulu: Māna Publishing Company. ISBN978-0-931897-04-vii. OCLC 123305738.
  • Zambucka, Kristin (1998). Princess Ka'iulani of Hawaiʻi: The Monarchy'south Last Promise. Honolulu: Mutual Publishing. ISBN978-1-56647-710-9. OCLC 149442849.

Newspapers and online sources [edit]

  • "All Hawaii Mourns the Death of Kapiolani". The San Francisco Call. San Francisco. July 5, 1899. p. 12. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  • "Crowned! Kalakaua's Coronation Accomplished: A Big But Unenthusiastic Aggregation". The Hawaiian Gazette. Honolulu. February 14, 1883. p. 2. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  • "An Act". The Hawaiian Gazette. Honolulu. August four, 1880. p. v. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  • Hawaii Land Archives (2006). "Namakeha-Kapiolani marriage tape". Marriages – Oahu (1832–1910). p. 405. Retrieved December 29, 2018 – via Ulukau, the Hawaiian Electronic Library. {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
  • "Postponed Pleasures". The Hawaiian Gazette. Honolulu. Feb 21, 1883. p. 2. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  • "Queen Dowager Kapiolani Passes Abroad – Death Came at 8:45 This Morning – Peaceful Ending of a Well Rounded Life". Evening Message. Honolulu. June 24, 1899. pp. i, 4. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  • "A Queen Called – Decease of the Widow of the Late Kalakaua R. – Had Long Been Ill – Passes Abroad At Her Waikiki Home Closing Scenes – Funeral Arrangements". The Pacific Commercial Advertiser. Honolulu. June 26, 1899. pp. i, 4, 9. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  • Taylor, Clarice B. (Apr vii, 1958). "Kapiolani, Queen Consort of Kalakaua". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Honolulu. p. 24. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  • Taylor, Clarice B. (Apr 10, 1958). "H.R.H. Poʻomaikelani Kapoʻoloku". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Honolulu. p. 28. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  • Taylor, Clarice B. (April xi, 1958). "H.R.H. Kinoike Kekaulike". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Honolulu. p. 34. Retrieved Dec 29, 2018.
  • Tsutsumi, Cheryl Chee; Choy, Zita Cup (December 24, 2017). "An evening to honor Queen Kapiʻolani". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Honolulu. p. E3. Retrieved December 31, 2018.

Further reading [edit]

  • Gaylor, Ellen (1987). Kapiolani, Queen Consort of Kalakaua. Honolulu: Paper prepared for Fifty.S. 930, Hawaiian Resources Material, Graduate School of Library Studies, University of Hawaii at Manoa. OCLC 663431326.
  • Kapiolani Girls' Dwelling (1885). Dedication of the Kapiolani Domicile for Girls. Honolulu: Advertiser Steam Print. OCLC 993966844.
  • Kapiolani, Queen. Papers, 1834–1899. Yard-82, Manuscript Collection Inventory. Hawaii State Archives.
  • McGuire, James Due west. L. (1938). A Short Description of Queen Kapiolani's Voyage to England to Attend the Jubilee Celebration of Queen Victoria of England in the Year 1887 – Copied from the original in the possession of Mrs. Friedricka A. Barringer, March 1957 (PDF). Honolulu: Hawaii State Archives.
  • McGuire, James W. L. (1938). He moolelo pokole no ka huakai a ka Moiwahine Kapiolani, ame ke Kamaliiwahine Liliuokalani i ka Iubile o ka Moiwahine Victoria o Beretania Nui. Honolulu: Printed by Collegiate Printing. OCLC 16333248.
  • The Pacific Commercial Advertiser (1883). Coronation of the King and Queen of the Hawaiian Islands, at Honolulu, Monday, Feb twelfth 1883. Honolulu: Printed at the Advertiser Steam Printing Firm. OCLC 77955761.
  • Smith, Christopher (2008). A Pacific Queen in the East: Kapiolani'southward Visit in the Year of the Gold Jubilee. Norwich: C. Smith. OCLC 506237485.
  • Stillman, Amy Kuʻuleialoha (1996). "Queen Kapiʻolani's Lei Chants". The Hawaiian Journal of History. 30: 119–153. hdl:10524/183. OCLC 60626541.
  • Thrum, Thomas G., ed. (1909). "New Kalakaua Dynasty Tomb". All Virtually Hawaii: The Recognized Book of Authentic Information on Hawaii. Vol. 36. Honolulu: Honolulu Star-Bulletin. pp. 105–110.
  • Warinner, Emily Five.; McFarland, Margaret Bukeley (1975). A Royal Journeying to London (PDF). Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Company. ISBN978-0-914916-xi-6. OCLC 4573808.
  • Yardley, Maili; Rogers, Miriam (1984). The History of Kapiolani Hospital. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Visitor. ISBN978-0-914916-62-viii. OCLC 12705247.
  • Yardley, Maili; Rogers, Miriam (1985). Queen Kapiolani. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Visitor. ISBN978-0-914916-73-4. OCLC 12705195.

External links [edit]

  • "Coronation". Hawaii Alive. Honolulu: Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  • Higgins, Colette (2016). "In the Footsteps of Kapiʻolani – Retracing Queen Kapiʻolani's Journeying to London in 1887". Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  • Higgins, Colette (Dec two, 2019). Three Queens and the People of Kalaupapa. Kāneʻohe, Hullo: Windward Customs College. Retrieved June 23, 2020.
  • Higgins, Colette; Gutierrez, Ihilani (April 12, 2020). Following In Kapiʻolani's Footsteps. Na Moʻolelo Lecture Serial. Honolulu: ʻIolani Palace. Retrieved June 23, 2020.
  • Kapiʻolani Customs College; Higgins, Colette. "Kapiolani Handout". University of Hawaii Arrangement . Retrieved Dec 31, 2018.
  • Kim, Alice. "Queen Kapiolani in U.Southward. Newspapers". Hawaiʻi Digital Newspaper Project . Retrieved Dec 31, 2018.
Royal titles
Vacant

Title last held by

Queen Emma 		Queen consort of Hawaii
1874–1891 		Succeeded past

John Owen Dominis

every bit Prince consort

newmancized1937.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapi%CA%BBolani

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